ISC, Google Scholar, CAB Abstracts

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Haramaya University, Post Office Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia

2 Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Post Office Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

10.26655/JRWEEDSCI.2021.3.7

Abstract

The field survey focused on potential sorghum-producing east and west Hararghe zones in six districts comprising 18 villages in the 2019 cropping season. Overall, 720 growers were nominated for considering the socio-economic impact. The representative growers were purposively selected. Data collected were Striga counts per m2 and per plant, time of Striga introduction, awareness and impression of farmers, prevalence, management used, severity, and collective actions to manage Striga. Both genders were included. Data were collected from interviews and analyzed. Statistical software (SPSS) summarizes the information. Results showed two Striga species, Striga hermonthica and Striga asiatica were observed and recorded. Striga hermonthica is more distributed than Striga asiatica in all the study locations and its occurrence diverse between locations. The maximum levels of Striga occurrence was perceived at Kile-besidimo (92%), Edobaso (85%), Kufakas (82%), Kotora (80%), Homacho Riana(78%), Bal’ina arba (74%), Dire gudina (72%), Bishan babile,(66%), Qufa (65%), Oda Anesso (48%), Ijakechu (45%), Umer kulle (40%), Homacho Eba (38%) and Tofik (35%). In contradict less number of Striga prevalence was perceived at Bareda (29%), Haro Adii (27%), Jiru gemachu (25%), and Homacho dayo (23%) striga per m2 in assessed fields. The striga count per plant was also recorded from each site. Sorghum yield loss due to Striga across surveyed villages was estimated to range between 0% and 80%. The management practices focused on improving the shortages suggested for controlling Striga in the districts. 

Keywords

Abbes Z, Kharrat M, Delavault P, Simier P, Chaïbi W. 2007. Field evaluation of the resistance of some faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes to the parasitic weed Orobanche foetida Poiret. Crop Prot. 26(12): 1777-1784. [Crossref], [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Atera E.A, Itoh K, Onyango J.C. 2011. Evaluation of ecologies and severity of Striga weed in Sub-Saharan Africa. Agric Biol J North America. 2(5): 752-760. [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Badu-Apraku B, Akinwale R.O. 2011. Cultivar evaluation and trait analysis of tropical early maturing maize under Striga infested and Striga free environments. Field Crops Res. 121: 186-194. [Crossref], [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Cotter M, de la Pena-Lavander R, Sauerborn J. 2012. Understanding the present distribution of the parasitic weed Striga hermonthica and predicting its potential future geographic distribution in the light of climate change. 25th German Conference on Weed Biology and Weed Control, March 13-15, 2012, Braunschweig, Germany. [Google scholar], [Publisher]
CSA (Central Statistics Agency). Report on Area and Crop Production Forecast for Major Crops. Statistical Bulletin V.1. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia April 2019. [Publisher]
Dafaallah A.B, Babiker A.G.T, Zain El abdeen, M.H. 2019. Assessment of the Damage Caused by Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth on the Performance of Cereals Hosts in Gadarif State, Eastern Sudan. The University of Khartoum Agriculture. J Agric Sci. 24(2): 99-121. [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Degu E, Debello A, Ketema B. 2009. Combining ability study for grain yield, and yield-related traits of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) in Ethiopia. Agric Crop Sci. 57(2): 175-184. [Crossref], [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Demeke B, Di Marcantonio F. 2013. Analysis of incentives and disincentives for Sorghum in Ethiopia. Technical notes series, MAFAP, FAO, Rome. [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Ejeta G, Babiker A.G.T, Butler L. 2002. New approaches to the control of Striga, a training workshop on Striga resistance. Melkassa, May 14-17, 2002. Nazareth, Ethiopia. [Google scholar]
Ejeta G. 2007. The Striga scourge in Africa: a growing pandemic. pp. 3 - 16. In: Ejeta, G., Gressel, J. (Eds.), Integrating New Technologies for Striga Control - towards Ending the Witch Hunt. World Scientific Co. Pte. Ltd., Singapore. [Crossref], [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Esilaba A.O, Fasil R, Ransom J.K, Wondimu B, Gebremehdin W, Beyenesh Z. 2000. Integrated nutrient management strategies for soil fertility improvement and Striga control in northern Ethiopia. Afr Crop Sci J. 8(4): 403-410. [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Fasil R. 2002. Striga hermonthica in Tigray. Prospects for control and improvement of productivity through mixed cropping. Ethiopia Agricultural Research Organization, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 118p. [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Fasil R, Dierick A, Verkleij J.A.C. 2010. Virulence Study of Striga hermonthica Populations from Tigray Region (Northern Ethiopia). World J Agric Sci. 6: 676-682. [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Gebisa E, Gressel J. (eds). 2007. Integrating New Technologies for Striga Control: Towards Ending the Witch-Hunt. World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., Singapore. [Publisher]
Gressel J, Hanafi A, Head G, Marasas W, Obolana A.B, Ochanda J, Souissi T, Tzotzos G. 2004. Major heretofore intractable biotic constraints to African food security that may be amendable to novel biotechnological solutions. Crop Prot. 23: 661-689. [Crossref], [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Godbharle A.R, More A.W, Ambekar S.S. 2010. Genetic Variability and Correlation Studies in elite ‘B’ and ‘R’ lines in Kharif Sorghum. Elect J Plant Breed. 1(4): 989-993. [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Haile K, Haji J, Tegegne B. 2018. Technical efficiency of sorghum production: The case of smallholder farmers in Konso District, Southern Ethiopia. J Agric Econ. 6(7): 772-793. [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Haussmann B.I.G, Hess D.E, Welz H.G, Geiger H. 2000. Improved methodologies for breeding Striga-resistant sorghum. Field Crop Res. 66: 195-211. [Crossref], [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Joel K.A. 2014. Genetic diversity and virulence study of seven Strigahermonthica ecotypes from Kenya and Uganda on selected sorghum varieties. M.Sc. Thesis, Kenyatta University, Kenya. [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Kante M, Rattunde F, Nébié B, Sissoko I, Diallo B, Diallo A, Touré A, Weltzien E, Haussman B.I.G, Leiser W.L. 2019. Sorghum hybrids for low-input farming systems in West Africa: Quantitative genetic parameters to guide hybrid breeding. Crop Sci. 59(6): 1-19. [Crossref], [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Koichi Y, Awad A.A, Xiaonan X, Kaori Y, Takeuchi Y. 2010. Strigolactones as germination stimulants for root parasitic plants. Plant Cell Physiol. 51: 1095-1103. [Crossref], [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Kumar A.A, Reddy B.V.S, Sharma H.C, Hash C.T, Rao P.S, Ramaiah B, Reddy P.S, 2011. Recent advances in sorghum genetic enhancement research at ICRISAT. J Plant Sci. 2: 589-600. [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Larsson M. 2012. Soil fertility status and Striga hermonthica infestation relationship due to management practices in Western Kenya. M. Sc. Thesis, Swedish University, Sweden. [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Mabhaudhi T, Chimonyo V.G.P, Hlahla S, Massawe F, Mayes S, Nhamo L, Modi A.T. 2019. Prospects of orphan crops in climate change. Planta. 250: 695-708. [Crossref], [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Martin J.H, Leonard W.H, Stamp D.L. 1976. Principles of Field Crop Production. Macmillan Publishing Co. Inc. New York, London. [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Mesa-Garcia J, Garcia-Torres L. 1984. A competition index for Orobanche creanta Forsk effects on broad bean (Vicia faba L.). Weed Res. 24: 379-382. [Crossref], [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Mesfin A.F. 2016. Assessment of Striga infestation and evaluation of sorghum landraces for resistance/tolerance to [Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth.] in North-Western Ethiopia. Ph.D. Thesis, Haramaya University, Ethiopia. [Google scholar]
Mushtaq W, Shakeel A, Mehdizadeh M, Alghamdi S.A, Hakeem K.R. 2019. Impact of Plant Invasions on Local Vegetation: An Indian Perspective. Biosci. Biotech. Res. Asia. 16(4): 763-771. [Crossref], [Google scholar], [Publisher]
 
 
Okonkwo S.N. 2006. In vitro post-germination growth and development of embryos of Alectra (Scrophulariaceae). Physiol Plantarum. 34: 378-383. [Crossref], [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Orr A, Mwema C, Gierend A, Nedumaran S. 2016. Sorghum and millets in Eastern and Southern Africa. Facts, trends, and Outlook (Working Paper Series No.62). ICRISAT Research Program, Markets, Institutions, and Policies. p.76. [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Parker C, Riches C.R. 1993. Parasitic Weeds of the World: Biology and Control. CAB International, Wallingford, UK. pp. 372-377. [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Rakshit S, Hariprasanna K, Gomashe S, Ganapathy K.N, Das I.K, Ramana O.V, Dhandapani A, Patil J.V. 2014. Changes in Area, Yield Gains, and Yield Stability of Sorghum in Major Sorghum Producing Countries, 1970 to 2009. Crop Sci. 54: 1571-1584. [Crossref], [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Ramaiah K.V, Parker C. 1982 Sorghum in the Eighties. Proceedings of the International Symposium on sorghum. ICRISAT, Pantancheru P. O. Andra Pradesh 502 324 India. [Publisher]
Rebeka G, Shimelis H, Laing M.D, Tongoona P, Mandefro N. 2014. A diagnostic appraisal of sorghum farming system and breeding priorities in Striga infested agro-ecologies of Ethiopia. Agric Syst. 123: 54-61. [Crossref], [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Samaké O, Smaling E.M.A, Kropff M.J, Stomph T.J, Kodio A. 2005. Effects of cultivation practices on spatial variation of soil fertility and millet yields in the Sahel of Mali. Agric Ecosyst Environ. 109: 335-345. [Crossref], [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Smale M, Assima A, Kergna A, Thériault V, Weltzien E. 2018. Farm family effects of adopting improved and hybrid sorghum seed in the Sudan Savanna of West Africa. Food Policy. 74: 162-171. [Crossref], [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Tesso T, Zenbaba G, Aberra D, Ejeta G. 2007. An integrated Striga management option offers effective control of Strigain Ethiopia: Integrating New Technologies for Striga Control: Towards Ending the Witch-hunt. Edited by Ejeta, G. and Gressel, J., World Scientific Publishing Co., Singapore. PP. 99-212. [Crossref], [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Wortmann C, Mamo M, Mburu C, Letayo E, Abebe G, Kayuki K.C, Chisi M, Mativavarira M, Xerinda S, Ndacyayisenga T. 2009. Atlas of sorghum production in Eastern and Southern Africa. The University of Nebraska-Lincoln. [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Wortman C.S, Mamo M, Abebe G, Mburu C, Kayuki K.C, Letayo E, Xerinda S. 2006. The Atlas of Sorghum Production in Five Countries of Eastern Africa University of Nebraska -Lincoln, Lincoln, USA. PP. 7-15. [Google scholar], [Publisher]
Zerihun S. 2016. Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Striga Infestation, Yield, and Yield Related Traits in Sorghum Varieties at Kile, Eastern Ethiopia. Journal of Biology, Agriculture, and Healthcare 6 (2): 74-89. [Google scholar], [Publisher]