Journal of Research in Weed Science

Prevalence and socio-economic impact of Striga (Striga hermonthica) in sorghum producing areas of east and west Hararghe zones, Ethiopia

Lemma Degebasa Olkeba; Taye Tessema Wondimu; Zelalem Bekeko; Ketema Belete

Volume 4, Issue 3 , September 2021, , Pages 242-256

https://doi.org/10.26655/JRWEEDSCI.2021.3.7

Abstract

The field survey focused on potential sorghum-producing east and west Hararghe zones in six districts comprising 18 villages in the 2019 cropping season. Overall, 720 growers were nominated ... Read More

Variability and Host Specificity of Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. in Response to in-situ Root Exudates of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench

Awadallah B. Dafaallah

Volume 3, Issue 2 , June 2020, , Pages 238-253

https://doi.org/10.26655/JRWEEDSCI.2020.2.10

Abstract

Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth., Orobanchaceae, is an obligate root parasite on important cereal crops. The aim of this study is to investigate variability and host specificity in ... Read More Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth., Orobanchaceae, is an obligate root parasite on important cereal crops. The aim of this study is to investigate variability and host specificity in the early developmental stages of S. hermonthica parasitism in response to in-situ root exudates of sorghum. Field surveys were conducted during the seasons 2013/14 in Striga endemic areas in Sudan to collect seeds from the parasite. Fifteen S. hermonthica populations were collected. An in vivo experiment was conducted at the University of Gezira, Sudan to study the effects of in-situ root exudates of three sorghum cultivars on percentage of seed germination, haustorium initiation, attachment and penetration. Treatments were arranged in a factorial completely randomized design with three replicates. Data were subjected to the analysis of variance (P £ 0.5). The results revealed the highest percentage of seed germination (46.9-57.5 %), haustorium initiation (73.8-77.9 %), attachment (38.4–40 %) and penetration (20.7–23.7 %) into sorghum root was induced by in-situ root exudates of sorghum cv. Abu-70 and by sorghum cv. Wad Ahmed. While, the lowest percentage of seed germination (53.5 %), haustorium initiation (45.2 %), attachment (5.8 %) and penetration (1.5 %) into sorghum root was induced by in-situ root exudates of Hakika. The results also revealed that percentage of seed germination, haustorium initiation, attachment and penetration of S. hermonthica populations collected from infected sorghum in response to sorghum in-situ root exudates was the highest. While, the percentage of seed germination, haustorium initiation, attachment and penetration of S. hermonthica populations collected from infected millet in response to sorghum in-situ root exudates was the lowest. This study confirms the existence of two levels of physiological specialization in S. hermonthica populations in Sudan. Moreover, two strains of S. hermonthica are one specific to sorghum and the other to millet.

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Keywords = Striga

Prevalence and socio-economic impact of Striga (Striga hermonthica) in sorghum producing areas of east and west Hararghe zones, Ethiopia

Abstract

Variability and Host Specificity of Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. in Response to in-situ Root Exudates of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench

Abstract